South Africa's economy grew by an estimated 4.9 percent in 2021, compared with a 6.6 percent decline in 2020. Headline inflation rose to 4.5 percent in 2021 from 3.3 percent in 2020. As a result, the policy rate was raised to 3.75 percent in November 2021 from 3.5 percent in 2020.The current account surplus was estimated at 3.8 percent of GDP in 2021, up from 2 percent in 2020. External reserves increased from $54.5 billion in July 2021 to $58.4 billion in August 2021 (about 5 months of import cover), thanks to the SDR allocation. (Download detailed Analysis Source : Report African Economic Outlook 2022 ; AfDB)
As of December 31, 2022, the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) has 304 listed companies with a market capitalization of $1,171 billion. Apart from the year 2020, foreign direct investment flows into South Africa have increased during the periods 2017-2021 from $2,008.4 million to $40,888.8 million. In 2021, these flows increased by 1235% from $3,062.3 million in 2020 to $40,888.8 million.
